Personal injury
Florida personal injury lawyer
What decides a Florida injury claim, and the deadlines that run against it
If someone else caused your injury in Florida, four rules decide what your claim is worth, and three of them are deadlines. You have fourteen days to begin medical treatment or Personal Injury Protection pays nothing. You have two years to sue, not the four years most articles still say. If you are found more than half at fault you recover nothing at all. And Florida never required the person who hurt you to carry insurance to pay you with. DAPENALAW handles these claims from offices in Miami, Homestead and Tampa, in English and in Spanish.
Quick answers about Florida personal injury claims
- How long do I have to file an injury claim in Florida?
- Two years from the date of the injury for most negligence claims arising on or after 24 March 2023. It was four years before that. Fla. Stat. § 95.11.
- Why does everyone say four years?
- Because it was four until March 2023. Most pages written before then were never updated, which is why people arrive believing they have far more time than they do.
- How long do I have to see a doctor after a crash?
- Fourteen days. Without initial medical attention inside that window Florida PIP pays nothing at all. Fla. Stat. § 627.736.
- Does the 14-day rule apply to a fall or a dog bite?
- No. PIP is motor vehicle coverage. A premises or dog bite claim runs through the property owner’s liability insurance and your own health insurance instead.
- What if I was partly at fault?
- You can recover up to 50%, reduced by your share. Above half, Florida bars recovery entirely. Fla. Stat. § 768.81.
- What if the person who hurt me has no insurance?
- In a crash, your own uninsured motorist coverage responds. On a property, it may be the owner, a manager, or a commercial policy. Finding every available policy is usually the work.
- Do I have to give the other side a recorded statement?
- No. You are not obliged to give a recorded statement to the other party’s insurer, and the questions asked in one are rarely idle.
- Does immigration status affect a Florida injury claim?
- No. An injured person in Florida may bring a claim regardless of immigration status. Fear of raising it is one of the most common reasons a legitimate claim is never brought.
- Can I claim if I was hurt at work?
- Workers’ compensation is normally the only claim against your employer, under Fla. Stat. § 440.11. It does not touch a claim against anyone else who caused the injury — and on most job sites someone else is involved.
- How much is a Florida injury claim worth?
- Anyone giving a number before seeing the file is guessing. It turns on the injury, the treatment, past and future medical cost, lost earnings, the available coverage, and your share of the fault.
- How long does a case take?
- Most settle without a lawsuit, and the timing follows your treatment. A claim cannot be valued until a doctor says you have reached maximum medical improvement.
- What does it cost to hire DAPENALAW?
- A percentage of the settlement or judgment, owed only if there is a recovery, and the firm advances the case costs as the matter runs. Those expenses are governed by the written agreement, which sets out who is responsible for them if there is no recovery. Both are explained before you sign.
- Deadline to file
- 2 yearsNegligence claims accruing after 24 March 2023. Fla. Stat. § 95.11
- See a doctor within
- 14 daysOr Florida PIP pays nothing at all. Fla. Stat. § 627.736
- PIP covers
- $10,000And only with an emergency medical condition. Otherwise $2,500
- Fault limit
- 50%More than half at fault and you recover nothing. Fla. Stat. § 768.81
01 The deadline
02 No-fault
03 Fault
04 Coverage
05 This firm
06 The law
Florida statutes that decide a personal injury claim
Statute of limitations
Two years for most negligence claims arising on or after 24 March 2023.
PIP and the 14-day rule
The $10,000 limit, the treatment deadline, the emergency medical condition finding.
The injury threshold
When pain and suffering may be claimed from an at-fault driver.
Comparative fault
Greater than 50% at fault and a claim recovers nothing. The bar does not apply to medical negligence claims under chapter 766.
Uninsured motorist coverage
Insurers must offer it; a rejection must be on an approved form.
Falls in a business
Puts the burden on the injured person to prove the business knew of the hazard.
Workers’ compensation
Exclusive remedy against an employer — and silent on everyone else.
Wrongful Death Act
Only the personal representative may sue; survivors are defined by statute.
07 Matters handled
Personal injury cases DAPENALAW handles in Florida
Vehicle
Medical and serious injury
08 Where these claims arise
Injury claims in Miami-Dade and Hillsborough County
Miami-Dade County
Miami-Dade recorded 60,000 traffic crashes in 2024, with 29,359 people injured and 272 killed. They come off the Palmetto, the Dolphin and I-95, and off the long surface arterials — US-1, Biscayne, Okeechobee Road, Flagler and Calle Ocho. Serious injuries are routed to one of the county’s two Level I trauma centers, Ryder Trauma at Jackson Memorial or HCA Florida Kendall. Civil claims are filed at the Circuit Court, 73 West Flagler Street, or at the South Dade Justice Center in Cutler Bay for the far south of the county.
Hillsborough County
Hillsborough recorded 26,269 crashes in 2024, with 17,359 injured and 180 killed. They concentrate on the I-275 and I-4 interchange north of downtown, Dale Mabry, Hillsborough Avenue through Town ’n’ Country, and US-301 and SR-674 serving Riverview, Ruskin and Wimauma. Serious injuries go to Tampa General, the region’s Level I center. Claims are filed at the George E. Edgecomb Courthouse, 800 East Twiggs Street.
Crash figures: Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles, 2024 Annual Traffic Crash Facts Report. Trauma center levels: Florida Department of Health.
Frequently asked questions about Florida personal injury claims
Do I have a personal injury case in Florida?
You generally have a claim if someone else’s negligence caused you injury, you are not more than 50% at fault, you are inside the deadline, and there is a source of payment — insurance or assets.
All four have to hold. A clear liability case against an uninsured person with no assets is not worth more than a case you can actually collect.
How long do I have to file?
Two years for most negligence claims arising on or after 24 March 2023, under Fla. Stat. § 95.11.
Shorter for some: a cruise ticket usually gives one year, claims against government bodies carry notice requirements, and medical malpractice consumes months in presuit before a complaint can be filed.
What happens if I miss the 14-day medical deadline?
Personal Injury Protection pays nothing — not a reduced amount, nothing. That is Fla. Stat. § 627.736.
It does not end a liability claim against the at-fault driver, but it removes the first $10,000 of medical coverage and makes the rest considerably harder.
The other driver had no insurance. What now?
Your own uninsured motorist coverage steps into their place, and a resident relative’s policy may as well, because UM generally follows the person.
Florida does not require bodily injury coverage, so this is common rather than unusual. Checking every declarations page in the household is part of the first conversation.
Can I still claim if the crash was partly my fault?
Yes, up to 50%, with your recovery reduced by your share. Above half, Fla. Stat. § 768.81 bars it entirely.
That cliff is why insurers now invest so heavily in the fault argument, and why early statements matter so much.
Should I talk to the other insurance company?
You are not required to give them a recorded statement. The questions in one are designed to find a prior injury, a gap in treatment, or an admission that shifts fault.
You do need to notify your own insurer promptly — that is a policy obligation, and it is different from giving the other side a statement.
What if I was hurt at work?
Against your employer, workers’ compensation is normally the only claim, under Fla. Stat. § 440.11. Against anyone else — a subcontractor, a driver, a property owner, a manufacturer — it is an ordinary negligence claim with full damages.
Those run in parallel, and the comp carrier usually asserts a lien against the third-party recovery, which has to be handled deliberately.
Does my immigration status matter?
No. An injured person in Florida may bring a claim regardless of immigration status.
It is worth saying plainly, because the fear of raising it is one of the most common reasons a legitimate claim in these communities is never brought at all.
Who pays my medical bills while the case runs?
PIP first in a crash, up to its limit. Health insurance, Medicare or Medicaid may cover more, and they generally have a right to be reimbursed from a settlement.
Negotiating those liens down at the end is frequently worth as much to a client as the last increment of settlement.
How much is my case worth?
Be wary of anyone who gives a number before seeing the file, and of any guarantee.
It turns on the injury and its permanence, the extent and length of treatment, past and future medical cost, lost income and lost earning capacity, the available policy limits, your share of the fault, and whether the responsible party has assets.
Will my case go to trial?
Most Florida injury claims settle without a lawsuit. Where filing is the right move, the options are explained first, with a recommendation.
The decision to settle or to file is always the client’s.
Can I speak to the attorney in Spanish?
Yes. Jose Dapena was born in Puerto Rico and speaks Spanish, and so does the staff, so a matter can run in Spanish from the first call to the last.
The Spanish side of this site is a full counterpart, not a translation widget.
10 Sources
Official Florida resources
- FLHSMV — crash reportsWhere to request the official Florida crash report.
- FLHSMV — 2024 crash dataThe annual report containing the county figures cited here.
- Florida Department of Health — trauma centersThe official trauma center list and verification levels.
- The Florida Senate — statutesThe text of every statute cited on this page.
- The Florida BarJose A. Dapena, Florida Bar No. 152358.
- Miami-Dade Clerk of CourtsWhere civil injury claims in Miami-Dade are filed.
- Hillsborough Clerk of Circuit CourtWhere civil injury claims in Hillsborough are filed.
This page is general information about Florida law, not legal advice about your case. Contacting the firm does not create an attorney-client relationship. Published by Jose A. Dapena, P.A. Last updated October 2026.
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